To date, LDL-P and other lipoprotein particle concentrations by NMR have been used to study over 48,000 subjects in ten cardiovascular outcomes studies. In three generations of improvements, LDL-P by NMR consistently remained a significant and independent indicator of cardiovascular endpoints in these outcome studies.

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Click on the links below to view the abstracts for each publication

Clinical Implications of Discordance between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Particle Number
Otvos et al. J Clin Lipidology. 2011;5(2);105-113.

Effects of Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes on Lipoprotein Subclass Particle Size and Concentration Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Garvey et al. Diabetes. 2003;52:453-462.

Nuclear magnetic resonance lipoprotein abnormalities in prediabetic subjects in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study.
Festa et al. Circulation. 2005;111:3465-3472.

Heterogeneity of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Number in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol <100 mg/dl
Cromwell et al. Am J Cardiol 2006;98:1599 –1602.

Low-Density Lipoprotein and High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Subclasses Predict Coronary Events and are Favorably Changed by Gemfibrozil Therapy in the Veterans Affairs High-Density Lipoprotein Intervention Trial
Otvos et al. Circulation. 2006;113:1556-1563.

LDL particle number and risk of future cardiovascular disease in the Framingham Offspring Study—Implications for LDL management
Cromwell et al. J Clin Lipidology. 2007;1:583-592.

LDL particle subclasses, LDL particle size, and carotid atherosclerosis in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
Mora et al. Atherosclerosis. 2007;192:211-217.

Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations May Explain the Absence of Coronary Protection in the Women's Health Initiative Hormone Trials
Hsia et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1666-1671.

Effects of Rosuvastatin and Atorvastatin on LDL and HDL Particle Concentrations in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Rosenson et al. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1087-1091.

High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size and Concentration and Coronary Risk
El Harchaoui et al. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:84-93.

Lipoprotein particle size and concentration by nuclear magnetic resonance and type 2 diabetes in women
Mora et al. Diabetes. 2010;59:1153-1160.

Insulin Resistance and Adiposity Influence Lipoprotein Size and Subclass Concentrations. Results from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study
Goff et al. Metabolism. 2005;54:264-270.

Strategies to Identify Adults at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
The Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes Care. 2005;28:150-156.

Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes With Troglitazone in the Diabetes Prevention Program
The Diabetes Prevention Program. Diabetes. 2005;54:1150–1156.

Reduction in the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle intervention or Metformin
The Diabetes Prevention Program. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393-403.

Value of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Number and Size as Predictors of Coronary Artery Disease in Apparently Healthy Men and Women
El Harchaoui et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:547-553.

Position Statement from the AACC Lipoproteins and Vascular Diseases Division Working Group on Best Practices
Contois et al. Clinical Chemistry. 2009;55:407–419.

Lipoprotein Particle Profiles by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Compared With Standard Lipids and Apolipoproteins in Predicting Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Women
Mora et al. Circulation. 2009;119:931-939.

A Prospective Examination of the Association of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measured Lipoprotein Particles with Incident Hypertension in the Women’s Health Study
Paynter et al. Circulation. 2008;118:S_1128.